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By exploring these and other research questions, we can gain a deeper understanding of the complex issues surrounding organized crime in Mexico and work towards more effective solutions.
In a media landscape saturated with images of ruthless drug lords and their sprawling criminal empires, the title of Oswaldo Zavala's seminal work presents a jarring, direct contradiction. , first published in 2018 by Malpaso Ediciones, is not a denial of drug trafficking or violence in Mexico. Instead, it is a meticulous deconstruction of the very language and political structures that have created the “cartel” myth.
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Zavala argues that the term “cártel” was not born from the reality of the drug trade. He traces its modern usage back to the , when the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) began using it to justify its expanding budget and to frame drug trafficking as a national security threat comparable to the Soviet Union during the Cold War. By borrowing the term from economics, the U.S. government effectively elevated a criminal network to the status of a corporate or quasi-state entity, a deliberate exaggeration to inflame the imagination of policymakers.
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He placed his hands back on the keyboard. He didn't save the PDF to a folder; he saved it to a USB drive, hid it in his pocket, and began to type.
He is a professor of contemporary Latin American literature and culture at the City University of New York (CUNY), and a frequent collaborator with the Mexican magazine Proceso. His dual identity as an academic and a journalist allows him to dissect both the theoretical underpinnings of the state’s narrative and its brutal, real-world consequences on the ground. His work consistently examines the intersection of language, politics, and violence, making him one of the most incisive critics of the Mexican drug war. Instead, it is a meticulous deconstruction of the
"Los Carteles No Existen" offers a nuanced and critical analysis of Mexico's cartel dynamics and the government's response to the violence. Zavala's research and findings suggest that the traditional approach to combating cartels has been ineffective and that a new strategy is needed to address the root causes of the violence. The book is a valuable contribution to the ongoing debate on Mexico's security policy and the war on drugs.